As to be expected several little literary magazines came out of the
Bolinas scene. The first of these was a one-shot mimeo magazine edited by
Lewis Warsh and Tom Clark in August of 1970 titled Sugar Mountain.
Named after the Neil Young song and featuring a photograph by Jayne
Nodland on the front and back cover of poet Alice Notley, nude, sitting on a
couch looking directly into the camera, Sugar Mountain was printed on
legal size paper and looked very much like a mimeo mag out of New York's
lower east side. The magazine printed works by Bill Berkson, Ted
Berrigan, Tom Clark, Scott Cohen, Clark Coolidge, Joanne Kyger, Lewis
MacAdams, Alice Notley, Ron Padgett, Harris Schiff, John Thorpe, Charlie
Vermont, Anne Waldman and Lewis Warsh.
Warsh and Waldman had published Angel Hair in New York, but the
magazine came to an abrupt end when they separated. However, they
continued to publish Angel Hair books; Waldman from New York, and
Warsh from Bolinas. Some of the Angel Hair books that Warsh published
during his brief stay in Bolinas include Chicago, a collaboration by Warsh
and Tom Clark, In London by Robert Creeley, Joanne by Joanne Kyger, and
Neil Young by Tom Clark.
Similarly, Duncan McNaughton brought his magazine Fathar, which he
started in June 1970 in Buffalo, New York, along with him to Bolinas,
where he published the final two issues in September 1974 and March 1975.
In 1971 Bill Berkson began publishing his magazine Big Sky. Carrying a
healthy sampling of works by Bolinas writers, Big Sky also included poems
from a number of important poets living outside of Bolinas. The first issue
had a cover drawn by Greg Irons (and inside printed Irons' cartoon ''The
Creature from Bolinas Lagoon'', which was reprinted in The Paper), and
featured work by Alice Notley, Ted Berrigan, Robert Creeley, Harris Schiff,
Tom Veitch, Lewis Warsh, Diane di Prima, Tom Clark, Anne Waldman,
Lewis MacAdams, Joanne Kyger, John Thorpe, Bobbie Creeley (Bobbie
Louise Hawkins), Joe Brainard, Philip Whalen, Allen Ginsberg, and others.
Subsequent issues had covers by Joe Brainard, Philip Guston, Gordon
Baldwin, Geroge Schneeman, Norman Bluhm, Red Grooms and Alex Katz.
The magazine's name was suggested by Tom Veitch who, as Berkson
remembers ''reminded me of the line from a Kinks song, 'Big Sky looks
down on all the people.''' Berkson's original editorial stance was to accept
''whatever arrived from those invited to contribute.'' After the first two
issues he found this method too ''chaotic'' and devoted the third issue
entirely to work by Clark Coolidge. Thereafter he became a more selective
editor.
Big Sky had a run of 12 issues from 1971 to 1978 and was one of the
most consistently sharp and loaded literary magazines to come out of
Bolinas.
In addition to the magazine, Berkson also published a series of 20 Big
Sky Books. Among these were Bolinas Journal by Joe Brainard, All This
Every Day by Joanne Kyger, The Cargo Cult by John Thorpe, Death
Collage and Other Poems by Tom Veitch, and Berkson's own Enigma
Variations.
While most of the Big Sky publications were printed at The West Coast
Print Center in Berkeley, the first issues of the magazine were produced at a
Bolinas community printing press, called The Mesa Press, which was run by
Mickey Cummings. A number of little publishing ventures ranging from
community newsletters, (such as The Paper), ecological tracts, local concert
and event flyers and posters, as well as poetry chapbooks, found their way
into print because of The Mesa Press and Mickey Cummings.
It was via The Mesa Press that Aram Saroyan and Russ Riviere put out
two issues of an untitled magazine featuring works by locals only. Their
editorial policy, in keeping with the town's anarcho-pacifist participatory
democracy, was ''print whatever you're given.'' The first issue was
published in March and the second in April of 1973. The first page of the
March issue carried the following statements by the two editors:
If we are a Community
we must consider objectives
If we are the Buddha
we must consider Objectives
Big Vision
Little Steps
R.R.
Russ Riviere and I started talking together
at Scowley's one morning and just sort of hatched
this one. Gathering the material was a way of
greeting people again after the long rains. Spring
is in the air, neighborliness in blossom…
A.S.
With the community in mind, Riviere and Saroyan gathered writings
from the town poets, those who were well known as poets, as well as work
by anyone else who gave them something. The cover drawing for the
March issue was by Arthur Okamura, with poems by the usual suspects,
Kyger, MacAdams, Berkson, Clark, Creeley, Ebbe Borregaard, David
Meltzer, and John Thorpe. But the issue also included writings by other
residents such as Greg Hewlett, Captain Spatula, Patrick Holland, Bill
Beckman (a short marketing plug titled ''Why Support 'Beaulines'''), and
an indignant letter by Orville Schell to a California Living Magazine
journalist who trashed Bolinas in an article entitled ''Can Bolinas Get it
Together?''.
The second issue featured many of the same contributors as the first,
including artwork and a poem by Magda Cregg (also known as the mother
of rocker Huey Lewis), a rant on education by Ponderosa Pine (Keith
Lampe), and an announcement by Ellen Sander and Susanna Acevedo that a
''directory of community services'' was being compiled and that citizens
were encouraged to contribute to it. Inside the back cover was a
reproduction of a Jack Boyce painting, with this attribution: ''Back page by
the ever present Jack Boyce''.
This magazine may have been the prototype for one of the town's most
remarkable and enduring publications. Town butcher and sometime school
bus driver, Michael Rafferty, had the genius to recognize that the editorial
policy of the Saroyan/Riviere magazine—''print whatever you're given''—
made more sense for a newspaper than for a literary magazine. In 1974
Rafferty founded the Bolinas Hearsay News.